Church history timeline

From Pentecost to today, the world church and the Korean church side by side — 107 events.

World church Korean church

The early church 30–590

  1. 30 AD 30

    Pentecost — the Church is born

    The Holy Spirit comes upon the disciples in Jerusalem and three thousand are baptized.

  2. 49 AD 49

    The Council of Jerusalem

    Decides not to require circumcision of Gentile believers — Acts 15.

  3. 64 AD 64

    The Neronian Persecution

    The great fire of Rome is blamed on Christians.

  4. 70 AD 70

    The Destruction of the Jerusalem Temple

    The decisive parting of the ways between Judaism and the church.

  5. 110 AD 110

    The Martyrdom of Ignatius

    Sent to Rome under guard, he writes letters to seven churches along the way.

  6. 155 AD 155

    The Martyrdom of Polycarp

    "Eighty-six years I have served him" — at Smyrna.

  7. 180 AD 180

    Irenaeus's Against Heresies

    Against Gnosticism, he argues for the rule of faith and apostolic succession.

  8. 230 AD 230

    Origen's On First Principles

    The first systematic theology, and the high point of the Alexandrian school.

  9. 250 AD 250

    The Decian Persecution

    An empire-wide sacrifice is decreed, leaving the church the problem of what to do with those who complied.

  10. 303 AD 303

    The Great Persecution of Diocletian

    The last great persecution — Scriptures burned, clergy imprisoned.

  11. 313 AD 313

    The Edict of Milan

    Three centuries of anti-Christian policy are formally abolished.

  12. 325 AD 325

    The Council of Nicaea

    Against Arius, the council confesses that the Son is of one substance (homoousios) with the Father.

  13. 367 AD 367

    Athanasius's List of Twenty-Seven Books

    Today's New Testament canon appears whole for the first time.

  14. 381 AD 381

    The Council of Constantinople

    Declares the deity of the Holy Spirit, completing the doctrine of the Trinity.

  15. 386 AD 386

    The Conversion of Augustine

    "Take up and read" — in a garden in Milan.

  16. 397 AD 397

    The Council of Carthage

    The West confirms the twenty-seven-book New Testament canon.

  17. 410 AD 410

    The Sack of Rome

    The charge that "Christianity ruined Rome" — and the occasion for The City of God.

  18. 431 AD 431

    The Council of Ephesus

    Condemns Nestorius and confesses Mary as "Theotokos."

  19. 451 AD 451

    The Council of Chalcedon

    The four negatives — without confusion, without change, without division, without separation.

  20. 476 AD 476

    The Fall of the Western Roman Empire

    The collapse of the ancient order, and the power vacuum the church filled.

  21. 529 AD 529

    The Rule of St. Benedict

    "Pray and work" — the foundation of Western monasticism.

The middle ages 590–1517

  1. 590 AD 590

    Gregory the Great Becomes Pope

    The effective starting point of the medieval papacy.

  2. 800 AD 800

    The Coronation of Charlemagne

    Christmas Day — the pope crowns the emperor, the ideal of the Holy Roman Empire.

  3. 1054 AD 1054

  4. 1095 AD 1095

    The First Crusade

    The appeal at the Council of Clermont — "God wills it."

  5. 1215 AD 1215

  6. 1265 AD 1265

    Aquinas Begins the Summa Theologica

    The high point of scholastic theology and the framework of later Catholic thought.

  7. 1309 AD 1309

  8. 1378 AD 1378

  9. 1382 AD 1382

  10. 1415 AD 1415

  11. 1453 AD 1453

  12. 1455 AD 1455

    The Gutenberg Bible

    The printing press — the condition that let the Reformation spread by the thousands each month.

  13. 1516 AD 1516

The Reformation 1517–1648

  1. 1517 AD 1517

  2. 1519 AD 1519

  3. 1521 AD 1521

  4. 1522 AD 1522

  5. 1525 AD 1525

  6. 1529 AD 1529

  7. 1530 AD 1530

  8. 1534 AD 1534

  9. 1536 AD 1536

  10. 1540 AD 1540

  11. 1545 AD 1545

  12. 1549 AD 1549

  13. 1555 AD 1555

  14. 1559 AD 1559

  15. 1563 AD 1563

  16. 1572 AD 1572

  17. 1598 AD 1598

  18. 1618 AD 1618

  19. 1646 AD 1646

The modern era 1648–1900

  1. 1648 AD 1648

  2. 1675 AD 1675

  3. 1727 AD 1727

  4. 1735 AD 1735

  5. 1738 AD 1738

  6. 1784 AD 1784

    The Baptism of Yi Seung-hun — Catholicism Arrives

    Koreans form a community of faith themselves, before any missionary arrives.

  7. 1792 AD 1792

    William Carey — the Beginning of Modern Missions

    "Expect great things from God, attempt great things for God."

  8. 1801 AD 1801

    The Sinyu Persecution

    An age of martyrdom begins.

  9. 1807 AD 1807

    Morrison Arrives in China

    The door opens for Protestant mission in East Asia.

  10. 1832 AD 1832

    Gützlaff's Visit to Godaedo

    A Bible is left on Korean soil for the first time.

  11. 1859 AD 1859

    Darwin's Origin of Species

    Becomes the backdrop to the liberal theology and fundamentalist debates.

  12. 1865 AD 1865

  13. 1866 AD 1866

    The Byeongin Persecution · The Martyrdom of Thomas

    He hands over a Bible on the banks of the Daedong River, and dies.

  14. 1882 AD 1882

    The Ross Version of Luke

    The first Korean-script Scripture, translated at Yingkou in Manchuria.

  15. 1884 AD 1884

    Allen Arrives · Sorae Church

    A church Koreans built before any missionary did.

  16. 1885 AD 1885

  17. 1887 AD 1887

    Saemunan Church · Jeongdong First Church

    The beginning of organized churches.

  18. 1890 AD 1890

    The Nevius Mission Method Is Adopted

    Self-support, self-propagation, self-government — the framework for the Korean church's growth.

The contemporary era 1900–

  1. 1903 AD 1903

  2. 1906 AD 1906

  3. 1907 AD 1907

  4. 1910 AD 1910

  5. 1911 AD 1911

  6. 1912 AD 1912

    The General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of Chosun Is Organized

    From mission board to Korean church.

  7. 1919 AD 1919

  8. 1919 AD 1919

    The March First Movement and Christianity

    Sixteen of the thirty-three national representatives were Christians.

  9. 1934 AD 1934

  10. 1938 AD 1938

  11. 1945 AD 1945

  12. 1945 AD 1945

    Liberation — Rebuilding the Church

    Conflict begins over reconstruction and the reckoning with collaboration.

  13. 1948 AD 1948

  14. 1950 AD 1950

  15. 1952 AD 1952

  16. 1953 AD 1953

  17. 1959 AD 1959

  18. 1962 AD 1962

  19. 1973 AD 1973

  20. 1974 AD 1974

  21. 1988 AD 1988

  22. 1989 AD 1989

  23. 1989 AD 1989

    The Fall of the Eastern Bloc

    The Berlin Wall falls and the underground church comes into the open.

  24. 1992 AD 1992

  25. 1994 AD 1994

  26. 1995 AD 1995

  27. 2002 AD 2002

    The Southward Shift of Christianity's Center

    Jenkins's The Next Christendom — most believers now live in Africa, Asia and Latin America.

  28. 2005 AD 2005

    Protestant Population's First Decline — National Census

    For the first time in a decade, the count of believers falls.

  29. 2007 AD 2007

  30. 2013 AD 2013

    Pope Francis Is Elected

    The first pope from Latin America.

  31. 2013 AD 2013

  32. 2013 AD 2013

    The WCC Busan Assembly

    The Tenth Assembly meets in Korea, and the controversy for and against it surfaces together.

  33. 2015 AD 2015

    The Religiously Unaffiliated Become a Majority — National Census

    The unaffiliated exceed half the population for the first time; the Protestant count rose, but the change in survey method is disputed.

  34. 2017 AD 2017

    The 500th Anniversary of the Reformation

    Alongside commemoration, the question of the Korean church's own reform is raised.

  35. 2020 AD 2020

    COVID-19 and the Suspension of Worship

    Churches worldwide stop meeting in person at once and move online.

  36. 2020 AD 2020

    COVID-19 and the Shift to Online Worship

    As in-person worship stops, the meaning of church attendance and belonging is questioned again.